Nederland - Dutch Expedition Cross with Bali 1848 - campaign combat clasp - KNIL - 2nd Bali expedition
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- 12 jaar actief op Marktnet
Interesting Dutch Expredition cross with ribbon bar and the more difficult to find Bali 1848 clasp (for the 2nd Bali expedition), probably made by van Wielik (see publication ''Lead William'' by Hartmann). A nice set!
History of the 1848 clasp
The second expedition to Bali was a punitive expedition of the Dutch East Indies army to the principalities of Buleleng and Karangasem on the island of Bali in 1848.
After the First Expedition to Bali in June 1846 it turned out that there was no question of a victory; the conflictual situation lay dormant. The Dutch fort built at Buleleng harbor after the first expedition, and manned with 200 soldiers, could do little or nothing. The prince of Buleleng and his governor Gusti Ketut Djelantik had forbidden the population in the area to sell food to the garrison. Everything had to be brought in from Java, which was very costly and inconvenient.[1] In the course of 1847 it became apparent that the princes of Buleleng and Karangasem were refusing to pay the war damage payments they were required to make by the treaty of July 1846. They also did not start dismantling their defenses in Djagaraga and sending their thousands of troops home there.[2]
On the contrary, Buleleng began importing weapons from Singapore in preparation for an attack.[3] The Dewa Agung of Klungkung became involved in the conflict because he mustered 6,000 troops from friendly principalities to support Buleleng, he himself supplied 2,000 men.[4] In 1847, the coastal inhabitants applied the age-old cliff right to three stranded ships, one on the coast at Buleleng and two at Klungkung: appropriating cargo and ship as a gift from the god of the sea. The Dutch East Indies government actually tried to counteract this practice in contracts that the government had concluded with several Balinese principalities. Governor-General Jan Jacob Rochussen unsuccessfully demanded compensation from the monarchs concerned for these three ships.
The new crisis was actually a result of Rochussen's misjudgment of the developments after the first expedition against Buleleng. This was considered a victory, which it was not and Buleleng and Karangasem were required to pay resp. fl. 225,000 and fl. 75,000 war damage, which it was impossible for them to afford. This was also the opinion of the liberal Dutch parliamentarian Wolter Robert van Hoëvell, who made a trip to Bali in 1847.[5] The garrison in Buleleng was also a thorn in the side of the people. The governor felt compelled to respond to the attitude of the princes of Buleleng, Karangasem and Klungkung, because otherwise the prestige of the Dutch East Indies government throughout the Dutch East Indies would have come to an end.[6] In March 1848 a new expedition was equipped.
An ultimatum was given to the aforementioned three monarchs in advance, which yielded virtually no answers. The operations started on June 8, 1848 with shelling from the warships on the coastal town of Sangsit, after which troops went ashore.[8] On 9 June it headed towards the Djagaraga fortifications. Here was Djelantik with 25 cannons and 16,000 men, 1500 with rifles, the others with lances and spears.[9]
When the Dutch troops approached the village of Djagaraga in the morning, they were fired upon from two fortifications. Due to the strong defense, it was not possible to take these forts. The fighting near Djagaraga lasted much of the day. A temple complex from which the Dutch troops were fired upon was only temporarily captured from the Balinese. Gradually, the Dutch troops were weakened by lack of ammunition, the deaths that had fallen and the heat. Attacks by large groups of Balinese, armed only with lances but numerically outnumbered, made Van der Wijck decide to order a retreat. Because they were only pursued for a short time, most were able to reach the beach at Sangsit and the troopships.[10]
In this battle, in which the Dutch troops had lost the worst, many were killed and wounded on both sides. In his report to the Dutch side, Lieutenant Colonel Van Swieten mentions 131 dead and 98 wounded, partly due to the heat. Prince Kesiman in Badung informed him of 2,000 dead and wounded among the Balinese.[11][12]
Two officers were sent to Batavia on June 10 to report, accompanied by a request for 2 battalions of reinforcements and 1,000 porters. After 9 days they were back with a message that the request was not honored.[13] The governor-general did not dare to send reinforcements because of the political unrest (revolution) in Europe that could spread to the colony. He preferred to keep the colonial power in Java at full strength.[14] After this, Major General Van der Wijck and his staff decided that continuation of the action was not possible and on 20 June 1848 all ships left for Batavia.
A professional army that was modern and well-armed at the time had been defeated by a people's army consisting of peasants with no experience in warfare, mainly armed with krises and lances.[15] In an appendix to the Dutch Government Gazette of November 9, 1849, the defeat was acknowledged in a report of this military expedition.[16]
The Decoration of Honor for Important Military Companies, also called "Expedition Cross or Cross for Military Operations", is a Dutch military decoration. The cross, instituted on February 19, 1869, is awarded to all officers, non-commissioned officers and men participating in a particular major expedition. The register kept by the Chancellery of the Military William Order was purged in 1949. A number of former soldiers had shown themselves "unworthy" and lost their decoration. The cross is made of a silver-colored metal ("Berlin silver") and bears the effigy of King William III within a garter with the words "FOR IMPORTANT MARTIAL ACTIVITIES". The founder's monogram is depicted on the arms. The back is flat.
History of the 1848 clasp
The second expedition to Bali was a punitive expedition of the Dutch East Indies army to the principalities of Buleleng and Karangasem on the island of Bali in 1848.
After the First Expedition to Bali in June 1846 it turned out that there was no question of a victory; the conflictual situation lay dormant. The Dutch fort built at Buleleng harbor after the first expedition, and manned with 200 soldiers, could do little or nothing. The prince of Buleleng and his governor Gusti Ketut Djelantik had forbidden the population in the area to sell food to the garrison. Everything had to be brought in from Java, which was very costly and inconvenient.[1] In the course of 1847 it became apparent that the princes of Buleleng and Karangasem were refusing to pay the war damage payments they were required to make by the treaty of July 1846. They also did not start dismantling their defenses in Djagaraga and sending their thousands of troops home there.[2]
On the contrary, Buleleng began importing weapons from Singapore in preparation for an attack.[3] The Dewa Agung of Klungkung became involved in the conflict because he mustered 6,000 troops from friendly principalities to support Buleleng, he himself supplied 2,000 men.[4] In 1847, the coastal inhabitants applied the age-old cliff right to three stranded ships, one on the coast at Buleleng and two at Klungkung: appropriating cargo and ship as a gift from the god of the sea. The Dutch East Indies government actually tried to counteract this practice in contracts that the government had concluded with several Balinese principalities. Governor-General Jan Jacob Rochussen unsuccessfully demanded compensation from the monarchs concerned for these three ships.
The new crisis was actually a result of Rochussen's misjudgment of the developments after the first expedition against Buleleng. This was considered a victory, which it was not and Buleleng and Karangasem were required to pay resp. fl. 225,000 and fl. 75,000 war damage, which it was impossible for them to afford. This was also the opinion of the liberal Dutch parliamentarian Wolter Robert van Hoëvell, who made a trip to Bali in 1847.[5] The garrison in Buleleng was also a thorn in the side of the people. The governor felt compelled to respond to the attitude of the princes of Buleleng, Karangasem and Klungkung, because otherwise the prestige of the Dutch East Indies government throughout the Dutch East Indies would have come to an end.[6] In March 1848 a new expedition was equipped.
An ultimatum was given to the aforementioned three monarchs in advance, which yielded virtually no answers. The operations started on June 8, 1848 with shelling from the warships on the coastal town of Sangsit, after which troops went ashore.[8] On 9 June it headed towards the Djagaraga fortifications. Here was Djelantik with 25 cannons and 16,000 men, 1500 with rifles, the others with lances and spears.[9]
When the Dutch troops approached the village of Djagaraga in the morning, they were fired upon from two fortifications. Due to the strong defense, it was not possible to take these forts. The fighting near Djagaraga lasted much of the day. A temple complex from which the Dutch troops were fired upon was only temporarily captured from the Balinese. Gradually, the Dutch troops were weakened by lack of ammunition, the deaths that had fallen and the heat. Attacks by large groups of Balinese, armed only with lances but numerically outnumbered, made Van der Wijck decide to order a retreat. Because they were only pursued for a short time, most were able to reach the beach at Sangsit and the troopships.[10]
In this battle, in which the Dutch troops had lost the worst, many were killed and wounded on both sides. In his report to the Dutch side, Lieutenant Colonel Van Swieten mentions 131 dead and 98 wounded, partly due to the heat. Prince Kesiman in Badung informed him of 2,000 dead and wounded among the Balinese.[11][12]
Two officers were sent to Batavia on June 10 to report, accompanied by a request for 2 battalions of reinforcements and 1,000 porters. After 9 days they were back with a message that the request was not honored.[13] The governor-general did not dare to send reinforcements because of the political unrest (revolution) in Europe that could spread to the colony. He preferred to keep the colonial power in Java at full strength.[14] After this, Major General Van der Wijck and his staff decided that continuation of the action was not possible and on 20 June 1848 all ships left for Batavia.
A professional army that was modern and well-armed at the time had been defeated by a people's army consisting of peasants with no experience in warfare, mainly armed with krises and lances.[15] In an appendix to the Dutch Government Gazette of November 9, 1849, the defeat was acknowledged in a report of this military expedition.[16]
The Decoration of Honor for Important Military Companies, also called "Expedition Cross or Cross for Military Operations", is a Dutch military decoration. The cross, instituted on February 19, 1869, is awarded to all officers, non-commissioned officers and men participating in a particular major expedition. The register kept by the Chancellery of the Military William Order was purged in 1949. A number of former soldiers had shown themselves "unworthy" and lost their decoration. The cross is made of a silver-colored metal ("Berlin silver") and bears the effigy of King William III within a garter with the words "FOR IMPORTANT MARTIAL ACTIVITIES". The founder's monogram is depicted on the arms. The back is flat.